• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In the new and improved methods and apparatus disclosed herein for determining the volumetric proportions of the different phases of well fluids, a fluid-investigating tool adapted for positioning in a production well is provided with an enclosed chamber which is continuously communicated with multiphasic well fluids exterior of the tool by upper and lower fluid siphon passages which isolate the chamber to allow fluids of different densities to remain in a segregated condition. A measuring device is cooperatively arranged within the fluid chamber for detecting the interface of segregated production fluids within the chamber to provide indications at the surface which are representative of the phase mixture or volumetric composition of the well fluids at the depth of investigation. Unique techniques and apparatus are also provided for calibrating the sampling tool from the surface to assure continued accurate measurements.
    公开号:SU912052A3
    申请号:SU711717302
    申请日:1971-11-19
    公开日:1982-03-07
    发明作者:Фирфор Клод
    申请人:Шлюмбергер Оверсиз С.А. (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (5) DEVICE FOR THE SELECTION OF SAMPLES
    : i, The invention relates to geophysical surveys of a well, namely for the investigation of a multiphase fluid.
    A device is known for taking j samples of MHoro0a3Hovi liquid, consisting of a housing with upper and lower lids, made with channels connecting the sample chamber with the external medium, and an interface sensor .10
    The disadvantage of this device is that at different speeds; the expiration of each file of the sample being taken it is not enough to present the content of the | 8 phases present at a given moment at the level of sampling.
    The purpose of the investigation is to carry out the separation of the sample at the cut-off process. her selection. 20
    This goal is achieved by the fact that the channels are made in such a way that the outlet openings of the channels in the upper krkok are directed downwards, and in the lower - upwards.26 LIQUIDS
    FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the proposed device, immersed in a production well and initially containing only one phase of the external mixture; in fig. 2 the same when equilibrium is established between the internal and external environment; in fig. 3 possible structural details of the device; in fig. k design of the device equipped with an interfaeal noBepX level detector with connected electrical circuits.
    The device comprises a vertical well 1, the location of a two-phase flow consisting of a phase phase jelly, such as water 2, in which bubbles of light phase 3f are transferred. such as oil. A longitudinally extended probe 4 is immersed in this flow, which turns off the hook-on device 5, fixing the cable 6, which descends to the skvatkin 1 from the surface, to the end of which this probe is suspended so that it can be transferred 3912 in the well 1. Probe k contains pipeline 7 having an upper end 8 and a lower end 9 The inner wall of the pipeline limits from the side a co-aggregation chamber 10, separated from the external environment, in the pipeline 7. but providing constant communication channels for communication with this latter. The ends 8 and 9 of the pipeline 7 are closed with tips 11. Each of these tips has a bottom formed of a transverse wall 1 12 located on a pitch against the sides corresponding to the ends 8 and 9 of the pipeline 7. From this -transverse wall 12 each of the tips 11 has lateral tubular extension 13, which surrounds the pipeline at a distance along its height at its ends. Between the extensions 13 and the pipe 7 there is enough space to form the annular channels 1 and 15. The channel (fig. Za) for the tip 11 has a round nozzle 16 on the outer, side of the pipe, which is here Q in, perpendicular to. piping axes 7. The channel passes to the upper end 8 of piping 7 at a height li above the level of the nozzle 16. In addition, tip 11 (Figs 1 and 2) closes in the opposite direction the lower end 9 of piping 7 in order to limit channel 15 that opens into the lower end 9 of the pipework at a distance of 1. below the plane P of its nozzle 17 from the outer side. Thus, the chamber 10, bounded by the pipeline 7, communicates with the external environment through two opposite passages located at different levels, one upper and the other lower, including channels 1 and 15. The upper pass ensures the communication of both parts of the RJ flatness located respectively inside and on the outer side of the pipeline 7a, the lower passage provides for the communication of both parts of the plane Rj located cooTBetcTBeHHo inside and on the outer side of the pipeline 7. These two passes each have a curved part, upwards Whether the upper passage and a lower passage for downward, to form two siphons. When the probe is in the position shown in FIG. 1, then any 4 exchange of fluid between the chamber 10, longitudinally, bounded by the planes RI and Bj, and the external medium must be carried out in the direction according to the vertical direction. Therefore, if both passes are immersed in a two-phase medium containing one phase more heavily than the other, the upper passage siphon tends to capture the lightest phase, while the lower passage siphon - the heaviest phase. When such a probe is immersed in a stream of two immiscible liquids, the chamber itself is filled with any mixture of these, it is determined what is formed. the equalizing flows between the inner and outer environments of this chamber until the moment when equilibrium is reached, in which the phases, within 5 times inside the chamber, are separated by self-leakage, the level of their interfacial surface 1 represents the composition of the liquid supplied from the external environment. Suppose that at the moment when the probe is in the flow, it is completely filled with the most severe phase (Fig. 1) and is ascending. It is possible to calculate the pressure difference that exists between the Rj and P planes on the outside of the probe, + ip, 1} PZ - p M is the average density of the outflow medium; accelerated; 1 strength of body; the distance between the RI and RI planes of the multiphase flow head between the f} and B planes,. The pressure difference between the planes P and 1 when passing through the pipe 7 can be written PZ - P / S + P + P. (2) where j is the density of the heavy phase filling chamber 9; PQ is the dynamic pressure that occurs at the top of chamber 8 and the result of the flow; Pd is a dynamic depression resulting from the same action. Members 4p, pc: and RU are very insignificant and with large prey this approximation is quite acceptable. In this connection, by the hypothesis, the pressure difference going through the turning 5 .9 of the rented path (P-P) is greater than the difference that exists when traversing the outer path (P-Rf). Consequently, an upward flow is established inside the pipeline, the flow rate of which is such that the pressure loss it undergoes is equal to the difference between the mentioned hydrostatic pressures. The physical mechanism of exchanges that are established between the chamber and the external environment is as follows: light phase bubbles penetrate the tip of the pipeline through the nozzle 16 after the top of the tip 11, while the same volume of the heavy phase comes out through the nozzle 17. In connection with the influx of light phases into the upper part of the chamber 10 column. is released from the fluid that was in it. The difference in hydrostatic pressures between the inner and outer columns of the fluid decreases and decreases its flow to zero at the same time when the phases separate by gravity and when the interphase surface is set at g H, which is calculated from the RI plane, which remains stable when the composition of the flow is external the environment at the level where the probe is located remains constant. I, in the state shown in FIG. 2, we can write the equilibrium hydrostatic pressure, the flow inside the pipeline is zero. :. Passage through the pipeline: - J5i9- () Rp5 + Ch +)) -Chd () Pna + CH +% ft-.) H – H; ll is the density of the light. Passage from the outer side of the pipeline: Pi is the P-i Nrto where .РД Afib and is the concentration of the light and heavy phases in the medium. Writing the equality of V., Yap-Trf, ir is obtained. From formulas (5) and C6), it follows that the concentrations of phases 5 and 5e are proportional to the heights of H and H; in other words, the level of the interphase surface is the composition of the external environment. 52 -: 6 Loss of flow pressure in the well, pressure and depressurization in the column of fluid contained in chamber 10 is negligible, the correspondence between, the level of the interfacial surface and the corresponding (fluid proportions in the flow is imperfect., Siphon design have different shapes. An embodiment (Fig. 3b) in which the connecting channels between the pipeline and the external environment are tilted transversely instead of absolutely pryudolnyh. The upper part of this device is shown from the upper end 8 of the pipeline 7. Tip 11 in the form of a cap A canal, the inner edge of which has the shape of a truncated cone, is installed above the truncated part of the upper end of the pipeline 7 to form a channel 15 having a nozzle at the end 16 at the lower level of the end 8 of the pipeline 7. Other more complicated versions of the passageways can occur under the condition they have an oriented siphon, the shape of the passages and their operation on the landing can affect the speed with which the equilibrium / pressure in the chamber tends to be established when the external environment changes. This speed is great at the transitions (Fig. 3a, b), which ensure easy exchange between the chamber 10 and the external environment and allow determining the location of the interphase surface rather quickly in order to obtain acceptable measurements when such a probe is moved in a continuous fashion. Siphons change in the opposite way the direction of the path along the vertical particle exchange between the internal and external environments of the segregation chamber. Transitions set zero vertical speed at least; at least at one point along the path between the external and internal media of the chamber. In this latter case, the inclination is increasing more and more, the channel 15 (Fig. 3 b) to the horizontal, the height between the canal nozzle on the outside and the end of the pipeline bounding the measurement chamber, tends to zero. Nevertheless, it should be dangerous that in the absence of siphons in the upper and lower aisles, the breakthrough of drops or bubbles, as a result of the turbulence of the external environment, can occur in the chamber due to these passages, which will cause a violation of the stability of the interphase surface in equilibrium. A probe (FIGS. 1 and 2J) is preferably supplied with an interfacial level detector. A sensor that responds differently to various properties of the phases under study, such as a capacitive one, can be used for this purpose. The probe shown in Fig. C is equipped with a capacitive sensor. It has a corpus of the probe 18 in Fig. Only one part of it is presented, containing a central column 19 which connects two extended parts: the upper 20 and the lower 21. This probe body provides for its upper part a fastening element not represented for the cable, to which the probe can be suspended. This probe body can contain several tools if the probe P is winterized in conjunction with other devices for investigating the production well. A conduit 2 with an upper diameter in the outer tube is mounted around column 19 and between parts 20 and 21 the diameter of the column 19 to provide a coliform space between this pipeline and this column and limit the measurement chamber or segregation chamber of the phase 23 to the side of the equivalent previous chamber 10. The upper end 2 of the pipeline opens at some distance from the transverse wall 25 of the upper-wide part 20 of the probe body 18, while the lower end 26 of this pipeline opens at a distance from the transverse wall 27s connecting with the wide part 21 of the probe body 18, the tubular lateral elongation 28 cover pipe 22 near its upper end 2k in such a way as to constitute a passage having a part bent upwards, forming a siphon between the external and internal media of chamber 23 and, thus, tubular extension encompasses pipe 22 at its lower end 2b . The chamber is the space between the electrodes of the capacitive sensor. A conduit 22 composed of metal forms a grounded electrode for the sensor. The other electrode of this youngster consists of a metal sleeve mounted on a column 19 and connected to a voltage source 28. This sleeve is covered with a thick layer 29 of insulating material, which is not wettable if possible, such ac polytetrafluoroethylene. To power the sensor and measure the electrodes 22, they are connected by conductors 30 and 31 to a generator R.C 32, which in turn is connected to a constant power source 33. The frequency of the oscillating circuit, in which the sensor is connected, varies with the capacitance of the sensor and the sent frequency signals are transmitted directly through the 15C generator to the surface via a shielded cable to which the probe is suspended and through which the direct current is transmitted. The corresponding design (fig. Consists, for example, in providing with each end of the chamber 23 at the level of the upper and lower siphons of the reference capacitance, and capable of reporting a response characterizing the liquid phase contained in this, which allows to destroy the whatever the response of the main sensor in the presence of only this phase, the reference capacitances are the electrode consisting of a metal conduit 22 and another electrode 3 and 35 which contains (olonka 19, respectively, in the upper and lower siphons. Wire. ik 36 and 37, extending from electrodes 3 and 35. They can be alternately connected to the generator C 32 via an incoming searcher 38, to which the conductor 39 is also connected in that case. The searcher 38 is controlled from the surface by conductor 0 of cable ki for selectively connecting the generator to the main sensor or one or the other reference capacitance. The useful length of the pipe 22 can be 500 mm between the ends of the tubular extensions 28 and 2 with a diameter of 3 mm. This device is suitable for use in combination with measuring tools in oil wells, which include, for example, in addition to the tool for determining the composition, the flow meter and the temperature tool. With regard to its use in wells, it should be noted that this device does not require any system
    an inflatable jumper and the flow of expiration is minimally destroyed. After packaging, it can also be used in continuous transfer mode, for heavy measurements and for detailed examination of some areas it can be used to make periodic measurements, stop it at each level being analyzed, in which case the setting can sometimes be performed. each of the phases present at this level before taking the actual measurements. Application of the device is not limited to certain types of wells or a narrow production limit.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    1. Shamupa V.N. and others. Depth. samplers and their application. M., Gostoptehizdat, 1961, p. A1.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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